Brief du soir, lundi 20 juillet

The United States struck Iran for a ninth consecutive night, saying it hit command centres, air defences, coastal surveillance, drone launch sites and communications networks. Iran reported American missiles in several cities, while its Revolutionary Guard said two tankers exploded after trying to pass through the Strait of Hormuz without Tehran's approval. Washington says it is enforcing a blockade to protect shipping ; Tehran says it is policing vessels that break its navigation rules. The costs are now measured in lives as well as barrels, with US military fatalities since the war began rising to 17 and more than 420 wounded.

Oil traders reacted as if the strait had become a live battlefield rather than a risk model. Brent crude rose above $90 a barrel, tanker traffic fell sharply, and Poland's fuel brokers already expect pump prices to rise this week. The Pentagon also moved F-16s from Germany, F-35s from Britain and tanker aircraft into the Middle East, signalling that Washington wants more range and staying power if the air campaign grows.

Secretary of State Marco Rubio tried to spread the burden, arguing that other states must help defend the chokepoint.

Hormuz is doing what chokepoints do best : turning a regional war into a global invoice.

Andy Burnham became Britain's seventh prime minister since 2016 after Keir Starmer resigned and King Charles III invited the new Labour leader to form a government. Burnham used his first speech outside Downing Street to cast himself as a stabiliser after years of churn, promising a “circuit breaker” and blaming Britain's malaise on centralisation, privatisation and deindustrialisation since the 1980s. He pledged to devolve power, rebuild industry through public procurement and put essentials under stronger public control.

He moved quickly because patience is the one thing new British premiers rarely inherit. Downing Street said cost-of-living measures could include bus fare freezes, rent freezes or lower energy bills, with funding details due from July 21. Burnham also fired several senior Starmer allies, including Rachel Reeves, David Lammy, Lord Hermer, Steve Reed and Peter Kyle, while promising to keep fiscal rules that already bind day-to-day spending tightly.

The contradiction arrives at the front door with him. Taxes are forecast to reach their highest share of output since 1948, debt markets charge Britain more than several southern European peers, and Burnham has ruled out raising the main rates of income tax, national insurance and VAT. His premiership begins not with a blank cheque, but with a shopping list and a very small purse.

Moonshot AI's Kimi K3 landed at the World AI Conference in Shanghai and moved straight into the argument about who controls frontier artificial intelligence. The open-weight Chinese model matches or beats several leading American systems on some benchmarks, including front-end coding tests, while Moonshot still concedes that it trails the strongest proprietary models. President Xi Jinping used the same stage to promote an open and accessible Chinese alternative to US-led AI, and the Nasdaq fell about 1% as investors marked down parts of the American technology trade.

The release matters less as one model than as a sign of momentum. On OpenRouter, Chinese models now take the top five places by weekly token use, and businesses increasingly reserve expensive premium systems for hard tasks while using cheaper open-weight tools for coding, summaries and customer service. The shift has revived claims that Chinese labs distilled US models, but some experts argue that performance gains cannot be dismissed so neatly.

American firms have started to answer in kind, with Mira Murati's Thinking Machines debuting an open-weight model, Nvidia expanding Nemotron and SpaceXAI open-sourcing Grok Build. A cheaper Chinese model does not need to beat every American flagship to change behaviour ; it only needs to be good enough often enough. The AI race is starting to look less like a duel of giants and more like a price war with national-security lawyers in the room.

Brussels imposed a €550m fine on AliExpress, the largest yet under the Digital Services Act, after investigators found that illegal products repeatedly reappeared on the marketplace between 2023 and 2025. The Commission said counterfeit clothing, unsafe toys and hazardous cosmetics reached consumers because AliExpress lacked enough moderation staff, gave reviewers only seconds to judge listings and let algorithms recommend unlawful goods before removal. Alibaba's marketplace rejected the penalty as disproportionate and must submit an improvement plan by October 20.

Ryanair delivered a different warning from the real economy. The airline's after-tax profit fell 34% to €538m in the quarter through June, missing forecasts, as it cut average fares by 6% to keep customers booking while Middle East fighting lifted fuel costs. Its unhedged jet-fuel needs, about one-fifth of the total, more than doubled in price, and shares fell 7.2% as Michael O'Leary withdrew full-year profit guidance.

Europe's companies are being squeezed from both sides : regulators want safer markets, while geopolitics keeps making ordinary operations more expensive.

Guyana continued a grim search after the MV Barima capsized near the Pomeroon River during a Saturday-night voyage from Georgetown to Port Kaituma. The manifest listed 116 passengers and 17 crew, though officials say the list may be unreliable because some rescued people were not recorded on it. By Sunday afternoon, rescuers had saved 67 people and recovered two bodies, while 66 remained missing.

Public Works Minister Juan Edghill said a large wave overturned the vessel, and the government expanded the search area from 400 square kilometres to 1,070 square kilometres. State boats, private vessels, fishermen, oil-and-gas companies, scanner-equipped craft and divers joined the operation. Darkness, limited scanning capacity and uncertainty over who was aboard slowed the first hours, which are often the most valuable.

The investigation has already widened beyond weather. Edghill said the captain and several crew members tested positive for cannabis and were in police custody, while Prime Minister Mark Phillips promised scrutiny of loading, crewing and the capsize itself. The Barima was built in 1939, carried 268 tonnes of cargo and had life jackets and rafts aboard, but equipment counts offer cold comfort when a manifest cannot tell families who was on the boat. Maritime safety often fails in layers, and Guyana is now peeling them back one painful layer at a time.

Spain beat Argentina 1-0 after extra time at MetLife Stadium to win its second men's World Cup, with Ferran Torres scoring in the 106th minute. Argentina lost Enzo Fernandez to a second yellow card at the end of normal time and struggled to break Spain's control. Spanish daily As counted 20 shots for Spain and two for Argentina, while Emiliano Martínez kept the holders alive far longer than the balance of play deserved.

Argentina coach Lionel Scaloni accepted the result more plainly than many fans did.

The ceremony supplied its own theatre. Donald Trump and FIFA president Gianni Infantino were booed as they came onto the pitch, and Trump lingered near Spain's trophy photos before being edged aside. In Madrid, the squad prepared for a royal reception, a Moncloa visit and a Cibeles parade, the familiar choreography of a country enjoying a second star.

Then joy broke in Ciudad Rodrigo. A 13-year-old boy died after the upper section of the Arbol Gordo fountain collapsed during celebrations, injuring at least two others and prompting three days of official mourning. The victory will enter Spain's football history ; for one town, it will always carry an asterisk written in grief.