NASA szykuje start Artemis 2. Po ponad 50 latach ludzie wracają na Księżyc

NASA's Artemis 2 mission is set to launch on Wednesday, April 1, 2026, at 18:24 local time (22:24 GMT) from Kennedy Space Center in Florida, marking the first crewed lunar mission in more than 50 years. The four-person crew aboard the Orion spacecraft, named Integrity, will conduct a 10-day lunar flyby without landing. Commander Reid Wiseman, Pilot Victor Glover, and Mission Specialist Christina Koch — all NASA astronauts — will be joined by Canadian Space Agency astronaut Jeremy Hansen. The mission will mark the first time a woman, a person of color, and a non-U.S. citizen travel beyond low Earth orbit. NASA officials declared all systems ready during a press conference on Monday, March 30, 2026, with the countdown having begun at 16:44 local time that same afternoon. If the April 1 launch attempt is scrubbed, additional windows remain open through April 6.

The last crewed mission to the Moon was Apollo 17, which returned to Earth in December 1972. From Apollo 10 in 1969 through Apollo 17 in 1972, a total of 12 astronauts traveled toward the Moon. The Artemis program is NASA's effort to return humans to the lunar surface, using the Space Launch System rocket and Orion spacecraft. The uncrewed Artemis 1 mission launched in November 2022 and revealed unexpected wear on the Orion thermal shield, prompting a multi-year investigation. NASA identified the cause of the thermal shield anomaly in December 2024, attributing it to a buildup of gases causing unexpected loss of charred material.

Urzędnicy przekonują, że mimo wątpliwości dotyczących osłony termicznej i wcześniejszych opóźnień NASA Associate Administrator Amit Kshatriya and Launch Director Charlie Blackwell-Thompson both expressed confidence in the mission's readiness at Monday's press conference, though technical concerns have shadowed the program's path to launch. Artemis 2 was originally scheduled for February 2026 but was pushed back after fuel leaks were discovered during the first wet dress rehearsal. A second delay followed when technicians detected an obstruction in the SLS rocket's helium flow, forcing the vehicle to be returned to its hangar for repairs. The SLS returned to the launch pad on March 20, and no further significant problems have been detected since. The most persistent technical concern involves the Orion capsule's thermal shield, which showed greater-than-expected wear during the uncrewed Artemis 1 mission in 2022. NASA concluded in December 2024 that the issue stemmed from gas buildup and was not a general design failure, and chose to modify the spacecraft's atmospheric reentry angle rather than install an improved coating originally planned for Artemis 3. Astronaut Charles Camarda, a thermal shield specialist and Columbia disaster survivor, has publicly stated that Artemis 2 "should not fly as it is," comparing the decision-making process to the behaviors that preceded the Challenger and Columbia accidents.

„Pojazd jest gotowy, system jest gotowy, załoga jest gotowa.” — Amit Kshatriya via Deutsche Welle

„To ekscytujący moment dla naszego zespołu, dla tego kraju i dla całego świata.” — Charlie Blackwell-Thompson via EL PAÍS

Pogoda pozostaje ostatnią zmienną przed środowym startem With hardware and crew cleared for flight, weather has emerged as the primary remaining variable ahead of the April 1 liftoff. NASA forecast an 80% probability of favorable conditions for the launch, with the main concerns identified as cloud cover and the possibility of strong surface winds. The agency has a two-hour launch window, running from 18:24 to 20:24 local time, which provides some flexibility for clouds to dissipate. NASA is also monitoring space weather alongside atmospheric conditions. Kshatriya acknowledged the uncertainty with characteristic levity at Monday's press conference. In the event of a forced postponement beyond April 6, NASA is considering a backup launch window in May, though officials stated their focus remains on the April dates.

„Zwrócę się tylko do bogów kosmosu, dobrze?” — Amit Kshatriya via Deutsche Welle

80 (%) — prawdopodobieństwo sprzyjających warunków pogodowych do startu

Artemis 2 – droga do startu: — ; — ; — ; — ; — ; —

Dziesięciodniowy przelot ma sprawdzić systemy Oriona przed przyszłym lądowaniem The Artemis 2 mission is primarily a test flight designed to validate all Orion spacecraft systems with humans aboard for the first time, laying the groundwork for a future crewed lunar landing. After launch, the crew will spend a full day in a highly elliptical Earth orbit checking systems and practicing docking maneuvers before committing to the trans-lunar trajectory. The spacecraft will orbit the Moon at a distance of between 6,400 and 9,600 kilometers from the lunar surface, according to NASA estimates. The mission will not attempt a landing; that milestone is now planned for Artemis 4, which NASA targets no earlier than 2028. The Orion capsule also represents a significant upgrade in crew comfort compared to the Apollo era: the spacecraft includes a private toilet, a feature absent from all Apollo missions, where astronauts relied on adhesive bags and condom-like urine collection devices. Kshatriya emphasized the geopolitical dimension of the mission at Monday's press conference, noting that the effort spans factories and engineering teams across allied nations.

„Ponad 50 lat temu ludzkość opuściła Księżyc i nie wróciła. Teraz wracamy.” — Amit Kshatriya via RTVE.es