EU plans broad levy on large firms exceeding €100M to capture Big Tech

Broad corporate levy proposal

The European Commission is preparing modifications to its Corporate Resource for Europe (CORE) proposal, shifting away from a standalone digital services tax toward a broader levy on large corporations. Under the updated framework discussed by six officials, any company operating within the European Union with annual revenues exceeding €100 million ($112.32 million) would pay an annual lump-sum contribution. An earlier iteration of the plan had explored a threshold of €50 million in net sales. In its existing design, the CORE mechanism imposes fixed annual fees ranging from €100,000 to €750,000, capturing only a fraction of multinational corporate earnings. The Commission now plans to adjust thresholds and fee structures to extract larger contributions from multinational tech companies, such as Apple, Google, and Meta, without explicitly singling out the digital sector.

Navigating United States tariff threats

The pivot toward an economy-wide corporate charge follows trade warnings from Washington regarding digital tax legislation. US President Donald Trump threatened to impose 100% tariffs on imports from countries that enforce digital services taxes directed at American technology firms. Earlier negotiations coordinated by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) to establish a global corporate tax framework stalled after the United States withdrew from the process. While France introduced its own national digital services tax in 2019, the European Commission is seeking an EU-wide compromise to avoid unilateral trade friction. Enacting any new tax rule across the bloc requires unanimous approval from all 27 member states, giving each national government full veto power.

Budget clash over the 2028–2034 framework

The tax proposal coincides with negotiations over the European Union's shared budget for 2028 to 2034, which Commission President Ursula von der Leyen set at €2 trillion. Germany and five other member states known as the frugal group formally demanded spending cuts of several hundred billion euros, while rejecting new common debt issuances. National contributions currently finance four-fifths of the shared budget, with the remainder supplied by customs duties and traditional own resources. In an address to the European Parliament ahead of an EU leaders' summit, von der Leyen rejected calls for severe budget reductions.

I would like to caution against large cuts. It would risk cutting deep into critical priorities.

Ireland, which holds the Council presidency, plans to circulate a revised compromise budget to member states on Saturday.

Revenue projections and national pushback

To reduce reliance on direct national dues, the Commission proposed five new revenue streams, including the corporate levy, non-recycled electronic waste fees, higher tobacco duties, carbon market proceeds, and a carbon import mechanism. Commission calculations estimate that these measures would generate €64.4 billion annually, or approximately €450 billion across the seven-year budget cycle. Under this structure, national budget contributions would decline to 0.76% of gross national income, down from 0.84% this year. However, a study by the German Council on Foreign Relations (DGAP) estimated that new own resources would deliver only €19.2 billion per year toward the funding gap.

German government representatives rejected the proposal, describing the redirected revenue as a distraction that still draws resources from national taxpayers. Without new EU revenue streams, Germany's gross contribution would rise from €36.4 billion to up to €58.3 billion, whereas the Commission calculates that the new levies would limit that increase to €10 billion.