UOKiK Inspections in Stores Regarding Food Flags. Trade Sector Comments on New Obligations

The Office of Competition and Consumer Protection has initiated control actions in retail stores, checking whether the labeling of food products, especially the so-called national flag, is truthful and compliant with regulations. The inspections were a response to reports and allegations of potential abuses, where graphic symbols, such as the white-and-red flag, were meant to suggest Polish origin for goods that were actually imported. Inspectors visited, among others, outlets of large chains such as Biedronka and Lidl, primarily verifying the labeling of meat and its processed products. The Act on Informing about the Origin of Food, which has come into force, introduced a new obligation for retailers. The regulations aim to provide consumers with transparent information about the country of origin of products. One of the key elements is the allowance to use a graphic symbol – the flag of the country of origin – directly on the packaging or at the store shelf. The Minister of Agriculture announced that the flag is intended to be a simple and clear signal for buyers. The trade sector, represented by the Polish Organization of Trade and Distribution, assesses this solution as beneficial for customers, facilitating the quick identification of Polish food.The issue of food origin labeling has been the subject of EU and national regulations for many years. In the European Union, detailed labeling regulations apply, including Regulation (EU) No 1169/2011 on food information. Poland, wanting to further promote domestic production, has introduced its own voluntary labeling systems in the past, such as "Polish Product". The current act aims to systematize and popularize such practices, which is part of a broader policy to support the national agri-food sector. However, the new obligations come with challenges for entrepreneurs. The trade sector points to additional costs related to changing labels, updating IT systems, and the need to verify the supply chain. There are also voices that the regulations may in practice favor larger, integrated producers at the expense of smaller entities or those relying on imported components. Industry organizations emphasize the need for a long transition period to adapt to the new requirements and uniform interpretations of the regulations to avoid unnecessary penalties. The actions of UOKiK fit into the broader context of protecting consumer rights against unfair practices. Misleading about the origin of goods can constitute an act of unfair competition and violate the collective interests of consumers. The office has the right to impose financial penalties on an entrepreneur and, in extreme cases, refer the matter to court. Inspections are an element of prevention and education. UOKiK announces further information campaigns aimed at both entrepreneurs and consumers, explaining the rules of correct labeling. Consumers who suspect they have been misled can file complaints directly with the office.