ETA: What is the UK's new travel system and how are dual nationals affected?

The United Kingdom has implemented a groundbreaking border system reform, introducing mandatory ETA for citizens of 85 countries as of 25 February 2026. The new requirement covers foreign visitors from the EU, including Poles, Germans, and Spaniards. The authorization costs £10 (approximately 52 Polish złoty) and remains valid for two years or until the passport expires. British authorities emphasize that data submitted in the application will enable earlier security verification of passengers before they reach the border. Following the implementation of Brexit in 2021, the United Kingdom has progressively moved away from the freedom of movement that applied within the Community. The new ETA system represents the culmination of a border digitization strategy, ending the period of entry to the UK based solely on a biometric passport without prior notification. Controversy surrounds the situation of dual nationals. The British Home Office has warned that UK citizens holding a passport from another EU country must possess an ETA if they do not have their British identity document with them. Air and sea carriers have been mandated to rigorously check travelers' status. Similar restrictions apply to transit passengers, who must have an approved application even for short layovers at airports like Heathrow or Gatwick. 10 GBP — is the fee for the digital entry permit The application process is conducted via the official government website or the UK ETA mobile app, with a decision typically issued within three working days. Experts, however, recommend applying for the document well in advance. Exempt from the requirement are only residents with status under the EUSS, Irish citizens, and holders of valid long-term visas. „This is a major milestone in our plan to transform the border, making it more secure and modern for every traveller.” — UK Minister for Immigration and Citizenship